Johnson State College, Biol1210: Intro to Biology

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Johnson State College, Biol1210: Intro to Biology

Monster Genetics Lab

(adapted from https://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/harrypottersworld/pdf/teachersmonstergeneticslab.pdf)

You have learned about many different patterns of inheritance. Some are simple dominant or recessive, as in Mendelian traits. Some are more complex, such as incomplete dominant or codominant traits. In this lab you will investigate how a combination of these genes works to create an organism.

Part 1 Procedure:

In the table below, for each trait two potential alleles are described. Most use simple dominant/recessive type inheritance but some are specified as being controlled by incomplete dominance or codominance. Remember, incomplete dominance leads to an intermediate phenotype in heterozygous individuals and co-dominance means both traits are expressed in a heterozygous individual.

1. Flip a coin twice to determine the genotype for each trait and record it in the data table. Heads = allele 1, Tails = allele 2 (Example: if you flipped heads twice, your monster will have two copies of allele 1 for his genotype.)

2. Determine the phenotype resulting from the allele pair for each trait. Remember to take into consideration incomplete and codominance!

3. Repeat steps 1‐2 for each trait and complete the female monster’s Table 1.

Table 1: Genotypes & Phenotypes for Female Monster

Trait	Allele 1	Allele 2	Genotype	Phenotype
Eye	Two small eyes (E)	One large eye (e)
Eye Color (incomplete)	Red (R)	White (R’)
Skin Color (codominant)	Green (G)	Blue (B)
Tail Shape	Curly (C)	Straight (c)
Tail Color	Purple (P)	Orange (p)
Tail	Have tail (T)	No tail (t)
Teeth	Sharp (S)	Round (s)
Feet (incomplete)	Four toes (F)	Two toes (F’)
Horn Color	Purple (W)	White (w)
Ear shape	Pointy (Y)	Round (y)
Ears	No ears (N)	Two ears (n)
Claws	Long (L)	Short (l)

Part 2 Procedure:

The female monster that you created in part 1 and a male monster (see Table 2 below) plan to have baby monsters. They are interested in finding out for each trait the probability that their offspring will have that trait.

1. Fill in the missing genetic information in the table for the male.

Table 2: Genotypes & Phenotypes for Male Monster

Trait	Genotype	Phenotype
Eyes	ee
Eye Color (incomplete)		White
Skin Color (codominant)		Green
Tail Shape		Straight
Tail Color	Pp
Tail		No tail
Teeth		Round
Feet (incomplete)	FF’
Horn Color	ww
Ear shape	yy
Ears		Have 2 ears
Claws		Short

2. Using the information you have about the genotype for the female and male monster for each trait, create Punnett squares* to predict what traits would result from a cross between the two monsters for each trait, and answer the following questions (see example below questions):

1. Eyes – What percent of offspring will have only one eye? _________

2. Eye Color – What percent of offspring will have red eyes? _________

3. Skin Color – What percent of offspring will have green skin? _________

4. Tail – What percent of offspring will have a tail? _________

5. Feet – What percent of offspring will have three toes? _________

6. Horn Color – What percent of offspring will have purple horns? _________

7. Ears – What percent of offspring will have ears? _________

8. Claws – What percent of offspring will have long claws? _________

Example: Ear shape

Imagine your female monster was heterozygous for ear shape (Yy) and we know the male monster is homozygous recessive (yy). Your Punnett square would look like this:

( 50% of the offspring would have pointy ears ( Yy ) because pointy is dominant to round and 50% would have round ears ( yy ). *NOTE: You do not have to provide the Punnett squares you create for each trait but if you have any difficulty with this aspect of the assignment and would like me to review them, please scan or photograph them and send them to me as well! )