- What researchers are most associated with path-goal theory?
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Evans (1970), House (1971), House and Dessler (1974), and House and Mitchell (1974).
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- What are the assumptions of expectancy theory and how do they undergird path-goal theory?
The assumptions of the expectancy theory starts off with the leader behavior; it would be either supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented. Then it trickles downs to the followers and see how they are taking in the way the leader behaves. Lastly, it all goes down to how major of an impact the leader has to the followers and see if it gives them any type of motivation.
- Explain each of the four leader behaviors considered in path-goal theory.
Directive: a leader who gives followers instructions about their jobs and what is expected of them.
Supportive: someone who is approachable and will help you whenever you need it.
Participative: one who likes to get ideas together from other followers to come up with one choice.
Achievement-oriented Leadership: one who challenges his followers to perform at the highest level that they can.
- Identify the follower characteristics that influence how workers interpret a leader’s behavior.
Needs for affiliation prefer a supportive leadership style. desires for control can be divided into both internal and external dimensions. if you are an internal locus of control they believe they are in charge with events that occur in their life. external locus of control on the other hand believe that fate controls the events that happen in life. perceptions of their own ability is how they do a certain task.
- How does each follower characteristic affect that interpretation?
I believe it would just have to do with what kind of person they are. You could put a group of people together and say something a certain way and everybody will interpret it differently. So, you’d have to know what kind of person you are working with so the interpretation is correct.
- Identify the task characteristics that influence how workers interpret a leader’s behavior.
formal authority and primary work group are two characteristics that influence that help interpret the leader’s behavior. reason being, the way they put their work out there and with certain types of groups. depending on what kind of group you have you would have to find a way to accomplish the common goal and motivate them to get to that point.
- How does each task characteristic affect how the leader’s behavior influences motivation?
at any time, an obstacle can come while trying to finish a task and gets in the way of the followers. the leader would need to step in and help the follower. therefore, if the follower sees that the leader is really trying to get this done or trying really hard to find a solution to the problem to move onto the next the follower will be motivated as well.
- Explain the conditions under which each of the four leadership styles is optimally used.
It could be used in all four. The leader just has to carefully asses their followers and their tasks. The leader needs to keep them comfortable that way they could feel as if they are in a safe environment and work comfortably. They will adapt confidence and will be easier to work with.
- What are strengths of path-goal theory?
It provides a useful theoretical framework to understand how different behaviors from a leader could affect the way the followers do their job. Another strength is that this is unique because no other leadership approach deals directly with motivation in this way.
- What are criticisms of path-goal theory?
It is complex and could be confusing to people, and it is limited so it only had partial support from many of the empirical research studies that have been conducted to test its validity. Another one is that it fails to explain the adequately the relationship between the leadership behavior and follower’s motivation.
- How does path-goal theory fit with the four components of leadership (process, influence, groups, common goals)?
Basically, in this theory it all starts with the way the leader behaves. So it fits with al four components because you are trying to see how good you could influence the group that you are working with. However, if there isn’t a way that you could work with this group then you might never reach a common goal, which is what everybody wants to attain.
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