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Write My Essay For MeProvide recommendations for alternative drug treatments to address the patient’s pathophysiology. Be specific and provide examples.
Discussion
Mr. HH, a 68-year-old male, has been diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia, per the reported case study. Pneumonia is defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2020) as a lung infection that can produce mild to severe symptoms in persons of all ages. According to Prina, Ranzani, and Torres (2015), the clinical presentation of community-acquired pneumonia is acute symptoms and signs of urgent lower respiratory infection. The most prevalent symptoms include chest pain of recent start, cough, dyspnea, fever, etc (Prina, Ranzani & Torres, 2015). Patient HH needs an assessment/triage to determine when his symptoms and other events led to hospitalization. Plan of care requires comprehensive vital signs and bedside finger stick. The patient requires O2 saturation monitoring, IV hydration, and nourishment. HH’s nausea and vomiting aren’t caused by CAP (Prina, Ranzani & Torres, 2015). Vomiting will enhance the diabetic patient’s diet and prevent hypoglycemia. HH has been on antibiotics for three days since hospitalization for COPD, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, and Diabetes. This patient was given a broad-spectrum antibiotic, Azithromycin, when the causal agent, bacteria or fungus, is unknown (Rosenthal & Burchum 2021). HH needs blood testing and respiratory cultures to determine the agent causing his present infection so the appropriate antibiotic may be started. He is allergic to Penicillin. He also takes Ceftriaxone for three days. Ceftriaxone is used to treat meningitis, E. coli, and pneumonia, according to Rosenthal & Burchum (2021). To avoid building antibiotic resistance, IV antibiotics must be continued for five to seven days and the patient re-evaluated before termination (Metlay et al., 2019). Patient HH requires IV hydration and nutrition therapy until nausea and vomiting resolve to avoid dehydration and electrolyte imbalance from an unknown period of said symptoms. I would recommend starting the patient on D51/2 NS to ensure adequate hydration, nutrients, electrolyte balance, blood sugar control, and frequent Accu-checks. It is also worth noting that the patient’s respiratory treatment is improving, despite the fact that the respiratory medications used were not listed. Anti-inflammatory and B2 agonists are the first-line medications for COPD exacerbation / respiratory treatment and management. According to Rosenthal and Burchum (2021), these medications work by reducing bronchial hyperreactivity, thereby eliminating respiratory inflammation and decreasing mucus production in the respiratory tract.
If the patient is not oxygen dependent at home, he should be educated on the importance of closely monitoring his oxygen level and weaned off as needed. The patient will be educated on the importance of leading a more active lifestyle, as well as the use of an Incentive spirometer for lung expansion to prevent mucus plugs and pneumonia reinfection. The patient will be instructed on the importance of closely monitoring his blood pressure to maintain his baseline. To effectively manage hyperlipidemia, the patient’s dietary plan and medication compliance must be reviewed. It is critical that the patient receives ongoing education and follow-up to understand that HTN, HLD, and DM put him at a high risk of stroke. Patient HH requires IV hydration and nutrition therapy until nausea and vomiting resolve to avoid dehydration and electrolyte imbalance from an unknown period of said symptoms. I would recommend starting the patient on D51/2 NS to ensure adequate hydration, nutrients, electrolyte balance, blood sugar control, and frequent Accu-checks. It is also worth noting that the patient’s respiratory treatment is improving, even though the respiratory medications used were not listed. Anti-inflammatory and B2 agonists are the first-line medications for COPD exacerbation / respiratory treatment and management. According to Rosenthal and Burchum (2021), these medications work by reducing bronchial hyperreactivity, thereby eliminating respiratory inflammation and decreasing mucus production in the respiratory tract. Patient HH requires IV hydration and nutrition therapy until nausea and vomiting resolve to avoid dehydration and electrolyte imbalance from an unknown period of said symptoms. I would recommend starting the patient on D51/2 NS to ensure adequate hydration, nutrients, electrolyte balance, blood sugar control, and frequent Accu-checks. It is also worth noting that the patient’s respiratory treatment is improving, despite the fact that the respiratory medications used were not listed. Anti-inflammatory and B2 agonists are the first-line medications for COPD exacerbation / respiratory treatment and management. According to Rosenthal and Burchum (2021), these medications work by reducing bronchial hyperreactivity, thereby eliminating respiratory inflammation and decreasing mucus production in the respiratory tract.
References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020). Pneumonia an infection of the
lungs. Cdc.gov https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/index.html
Metlay, J. P., Waterer, G. W., Long, A. C., Anzueto, A., Crothers, K., Cooley, L. A., Dean, C. N., Fine, M. J.,
Flanders, S. A., Griffin, M. R., Metersky, M. L., Musher, D. M., Restrepo, M. I. & Whitney, C. G. (2019). Diagnosis and Treatment of Adults with Community-acquired Pneumonia. An Official Clinical Practice Guideline of the American Thoracic Society and Infectious Disease Society of America. Infectious Disease Society of America https://www.idsociety.org/practice-guideline/community-acquired-pneumonia-cap-in-adults/
Prina, E. Ranzani, O. T., Torres, A. (2015). Community acquired Pneumonia. The lancent Journal.
Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2021). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurses
and physician assistants (2nd ed.) St. Louis, M.O: Elsevier.
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